"Organizations are everywhere and come in many different forms. Their ubiquity means that many pressing social problems are organizational in nature. Their variability and complexity require study. And this is why we need develop a better understanding of the world we live in and how to better manage it. An Analyst uses the most actual theories to acquires a deeper understanding about firm operation in order to redirect it in desired direction. 
Kurt Lewin said there is nothing more practical than a good theory!"
"Daniel McFarland and Charles Gomez".
Organizational Analysis, Book_Edit_20160502.
Stanford University

"A gap analysis is a process in which a business compares its current performance to its performance expectations or goals. Its purpose is to help businesses identify any gaps or shortcomings that they might have so that a strategy can be created to overcome any issues and improve upon business operations."
www.forbes.com/advisor/business/gap-analysis
FORBES